The Indus Valley Civilization originated nearly 5000 years ago in the area irrigated by the mighty Indus River and it\'s tributaries. This land is presently known as Pakistan. Two major archaeological sites which remind us of this once-great civilization are Moenjodaro and Harrapa. These sites were discovered as a result of an excavation carried out under the supervision of a British archaeologist Sir John Marshall, in 1922.

Moenjodaro means City of the Dead. It is situated at a distance of 27km from Larkana, in Sindh. Harrapa is a site 24km away from the city of Sahiwal, in Punjab. In spite of a distance of 650km between the two cities, both are similar many ways. The people of these cities were very civilized and urbane. Indus Valley Civilization came to an end about 2500 years ago as a result of floods.

An impressive architectural taste is visible in the buildings of the Indus Valley Civilization. The cities were well planned and were developed on large areas. Most of the roads were 33feet wide. A proper sanitation and drainage system was present and the drains were kept covered. During the excavation a number of idols made of metals, wood, clay and stone were discovered. Therefore it is believed that most of the people of ancient Indus Valley Civilization worshiped idols while the others worshiped sun, moon and the stars. Archaeologists say that the people of Moenjodaro and Harrapa were quite trendy. A machine resembling a spinning wheel has also been discovered. The people of Indus Valley were very peace loving. This is clear from their attitude towards the battle field. Consequently, the warriors from Central Asia conquered the Indus valley and a number of these warriors settled here permanently. It is believed that the people of Indus Valley had a strong system of trade. The traded with far off nations. Although the ancient valley didn\'t produce metals like Silver, Bronze and Copper but articles and jewelry made of these metals were quite common in Moenjodaro and Harrapa.

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